As paraneoplastic syndromes symptoms are called, which are not locally caused by the tumor or its metastases.
The pathogenesis is unclear, but these symptoms are caused probably secondary to substances that are secreted by the tumor, or as a result of antibody formation against tumor cells that cross-react with other tissue. The symptoms can occur in any organ system. With up to 20% of cancer patients paraneoplastic syndromes arise, but their symptoms are often not noticed.
As paraneoplastic syndromes symptoms are called, which are not locally caused by the tumor or its metastases. The pathogenesis is unclear, but these symptoms are caused probably secondary to substances that are secreted by the tumor, or as a result of antibody formation against tumor cells that cross-react with other tissue. The symptoms can occur in any organ system. With up to 20% of cancer patients paraneoplastic syndromes arise, but their symptoms are often not noticed. Most common paraneoplastic syndromes occur in lung carcinoma (most common) Renal Cell Carcinoma Hepatocellular carcinoma leukemia lymphoma breast tumors ovarian tumors neural tumors gastric cancer pancreatic cancer, the most successful treatment is to control the underlying malignant tumor, but can some symptoms (including certain medications such. As cyproheptadine or somatostatin analogues are controlled at carcinoid syndrome, bisphosphonates and corticosteroids in hypercalcemia). General paraneoplastic symptoms patients with tumors often suffer from fever, night sweats, anorexia and cachexia. These symptoms may be caused by the release of cytokines, which play a role in inflammatory reactions or immune response, or by mediators that are associated with the demise of tumor cells, eg. As tumor necrosis factor ?, are caused. Also, changes in liver function and the production of steroids may help. Cutaneous paraneoplastic syndromes Patients may show numerous cutaneous symptoms. Itching is the most common cutaneous symptom of patients with tumor diseases (eg., Leukemia, lymphomas), and may be the result of the present hypereosinophilia. In addition, a flush symptoms may occur, which is likely related to tumor formed by vasoactive substances (eg. As prostaglandins). There may also be pigmented skin lesions or keratoses. These include acanthosis nigricans (gastrointestinal tumors), generalized occurring neurocutaneous melanosis (lymphoma, melanoma, hepatocellular carcinoma), Bowen’s disease (lung tumors, gastrointestinal and genitourinary tumors) and large multiple seborrheic keratoses, d. H. Sign of Reader Trélat syndrome (lymphomas and gastrointestinal tumors). Acanthosis nigricans figures provided by Thomas Habif, M.D. var model = {thumbnailUrl: ‘/-/media/manual/professional/images/acanthosis_nigricans_high_de.jpg?la=de&thn=0&mw=350’ imageUrl: ‘/-/media/manual/professional/images/acanthosis_nigricans_high_de.jpg?la = en & thn = 0 ‘, title:’ acanthosis nigricans ‘, description:’ u003Ca id = “v37895058 ” class = “”anchor “” u003e u003c / a u003e u003cdiv class = “”para “” u003e u003cp u003eBei acanthosis nigricans