Nasopharynx come in the US very rare, but are very common in the southern Chinese coastal area. Symptoms such as a unilateral bloody nasal discharge, nasal obstruction, hearing loss, ear pain, facial swelling and numbness of the face do not develop until late. The diagnosis is based on inspection and biopsy, can be with CT, MRI or PET assess the extent. Nasopharynx treated radio- and chemotherapy, and surgery in rare cases.
The most common malignant tumor of the nasopharynx is the squamous cell carcinoma. It can occur in any age group, including adults, occur and is rare in North America. There is one particularly in southern China, or even in people of Southeast Asian origin, including Chinese immigrants in North America, the most common cancers. For several generations, the prevalence among Chinese descent US citizens gradually lowers to the level of non-ethnic Chinese population, suggesting an environmental component in the etiology. A dietary intake of nitrites and salted fish is also suspected to increase the risk. An important risk factor is the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), there is also a hereditary predisposition.
Nasopharynx come in the US very rare, but are very common in the southern Chinese coastal area. Symptoms such as a unilateral bloody nasal discharge, nasal obstruction, hearing loss, ear pain, facial swelling and numbness of the face do not develop until late. The diagnosis is based on inspection and biopsy, can be with CT, MRI or PET assess the extent. Nasopharynx treated radio- and chemotherapy, and surgery in rare cases. The most common malignant tumor of the nasopharynx is the squamous cell carcinoma. It can occur in any age group, including adults, occur and is rare in North America. There is one particularly in southern China, or even in people of Southeast Asian origin, including Chinese immigrants in North America, the most common cancers. For several generations, the prevalence among Chinese descent US citizens gradually lowers to the level of non-ethnic Chinese population, suggesting an environmental component in the etiology. A dietary intake of nitrites and salted fish is also suspected to increase the risk. An important risk factor is the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), there is also a hereditary predisposition. More nasopharynx are adenoid cystic and Mukoepidermoidkarzinome, malignant mixed tumors, adenocarcinomas, lymphomas, fibrosarcomas, osteosarcomas, chondrosarcomas, and melanomas. Symptoms and complaints nasopharyngeal cancer often shows up with palpable lymph node metastases in the neck. Another frequently occurring symptom is hearing loss, usually caused by an obstruction of the nose or the Eustachian tube, resulting in a middle ear. Other symptoms ear pain, bloody, purulent rhinorrhea, nasal bleeding, cranial nerve palsy, and adenopathy of the cervical lymph nodes may occur. Cranial nerve palsies are most frequently the 6th, 4th and 3rd cranial nerve because of its location in the cavernous sinus near the foramen lacerum, which is the most common way for an intracranial spread of these tumors. Since lymphatic vessels communicate with each other via the center line of time, often find themselves on both sides of the nasopharynx metastases. Diagnosis Nasopharyngeal endoscopy and biopsy Imaging tests for staging In suspected nasopharyngeal carcinoma mirroring or endoscopic examination of the nasopharynx must be done in order to take biopsies of existing lesions. An open cervical lymph node biopsy should be zuächst not performed (neck swelling), even though a needle biopsy is reasonable and is often recommended. When gadolinium-enhanced cranial MRI (with fat suppression) must be ensured in addition to the nasopharynx particular attention to the cranial base – because at around 25% of patients involvement of the skull base before. A CT scan is also required to bony changes in the skull base that are less visible on MRI, to assess accurately. A PET scan is often performed to evaluate the extent of disease and the cervical lymphatics. Prognosis patients with early-stage disease (see table: Staging of head and neck tumors) usually have a good prognosis (5-year survival rate is 60-75%), whereas patients with disease stage IV a poor prognosis (5 -year survival rate <40%). Chemotherapy plus radiation Surgical procedures Due to the location and the extensive infestation nasopharynx often prove to be inoperable. They are usually treated with chemotherapy and radiation, often followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. Recurrent tumors can be treated with a further radiation therapy, often with brachytherapy; there is a risk of Radionekrosen the skull base. An alternative to radiation, the resection of the skull base. A resection is usually done by a part of the upper jaw is removed to access the production, but in some cases, the resection can be performed endoscopically, even if until now little information on endoscopic resection are present ,